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Tianzhu (India)
Tianzhu () is the historical East Asian name for India. Originally pronounced xien-t'juk, it comes from the Chinese transliteration of the Persian ''Hindu'', which is itself derived from the Sanskrit ''Sindhu'', the native name of the Indus River. Persians travelling in northwest India named the region after the river around the 6th century BC. ''Tianzhu'' is just one of several Chinese transliterations of Sindhu. ''Shēndú'' ( OC ''n̥i()()ˤuk'') appears in Sima Qian's ''Shiji'' and ''Tiandu'' () is used in the ''Hou Hanshu'' (Book of the Later Han). ''Yintejia'' () comes from the Kuchean ''Indaka'', another transliteration of ''Hindu''. A detailed account of Tianzhu is given in the "Xiyu Zhuan" (Record of the Western Regions) in the ''Hou Hanshu'' compiled by Fan Ye (398–445):
Tianzhu was also referred to as ''Wutianzhu'' (, literally "Five Indias"), because there were five geographical regions in India known to the Chinese: Central, Eastern, Western, Northern, and Southern India.
In Japan, ''Tianzhu'' was pronounced as ''Tenjiku''. It is used in such works as the Japanese translation of ''Journey to the West''.
In Korea, ''Tianzhu'' was pronounced as ''Cheonchuk''. It is used in Wang ocheonchukguk jeon, meaning ''An account of travel to the five Indian kingdom'', a travelogue by the 8th century Buddhist monk Hyecho from the Korean Kingdom of Silla.
==Citations==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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